PC Board Grounding to Control Noise, EMI and Signal Integrity

When time-varying (AC) signals travel in the transmission lines of a board, state-changing electric and magnetic fields are present. These fields, when not controlled, are the source of noise and... [more]

Differential Pair Routing for SI and EMI Control

Differential pairs have been used in PC boards for years to carry high-speed serial and high-speed parallel data, in a variety of bus formats. Many board designers and engineers believe the rules... [more]

The Butterfly Effect in PCB Design: Optimization of High-speed Lines for an FMC Carrier Board

When signals start to get affected by the physical characteristics of the PCB, things start to get a little tricky. A simple point-to-point connection won’t be enough to keep the integrity of the... [more]

Materials of Flex Circuits: Specifications and Applications

Materials of Flex Circuits: Specifications and Applications covers the following: Coverlays, cores, bond plies, adhesives and their suppliers  Flex layer processing and stackup Polyimides... [more]